![]() Through his studies of Indian philosophy and Zen Buddhism in the late 1940s, Cage came to the idea of aleatoric or chance-controlled music, which he started composing in 1951. The work’s challenge to assumed definitions about musicianship and musical experience made it a popular and controversial topic both in musicology and the broader aesthetics of art and performance.Ĭage’s teachers included Henry Cowell (1933) and Arnold Schoenberg (1933–35), both known for their radical innovations in music, but Cage was also influenced by in various East and South Asian cultures. A 1952 composition performed in silence without sound. The intention of the composer in this work is to be aware of sounds of the environment – such as circulation fans, the audience rustling and coughing plus, sounds outside ther concert hall. Two concepts are associated with Cage: (1) prepared piano and (2) aleatoric music. This topic provides a concise overview of Cage’s impact on the world of music.Ĥ’33”. John Cage was a philosopher as well as a composer – challenging readers and listeners with questions about the nature of sound versus music and whether there is in fact any difference. Cage was also instrumental in the development of modern dance, mostly through his association with choreographer Merce Cunningham, who was Cage’s romantic partner for most of their lives. ![]() He one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde. John Cage (1912–1992) was an American composer, music theorist, writer, and artist. ![]() It is the most recent to gain prominence. (3) Minimalism is a return to a simpler, tonal style and an emphasis on repeated patterns. There were some interesting experiments in (2) E lectronic music in the art music arena with early electronic recording and sound generation technologies. ![]() Thus no performance of an aleatoric piece will be the same due to these indeterminate elements. (1) Aleatoric music incorporates random chance or performer choice into the composition. In this topic, we will look into three significant musical trends of the second half of the 20th century. ![]()
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